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Check Your Credit History
by: Law Access New Mexico

 

CHECK YOUR CREDIT HISTORY

(Versíon en Español atras)

When reviewing loan applications and making financing decisions, lenders typically request that the credit bureaus reporting your file (i.e., Equifax, Experian, or TransUnion) provide your credit risk score (also known as your FICO score, named after Fair, Isaac & Company, which developed many of the computer scoring models).  This seemingly mysterious number represents a statistical summary of the information in your credit report, including:

? your history of paying bills on time;
? the level of your outstanding debts;
? how long you've had credit;
? how many credit cards and loans you have;
? your credit limit;
? the number of inquiries for your credit report (too many can lower your score, although they've refined the program so this is less of a problem than it once was); and
? the types of credit you have.

The higher your credit score, the easier it will be to get a loan.  If you routinely pay your bills late, you can expect a lower score, in which case a lender may either reject your loan application altogether or insist on a very large down payment or high interest rate to lower the lender's risk.

Because your credit history has such an important effect on the type and amount of a mortgage loan that lenders may offer you, always check your credit report and clean up your file, if necessary, before you apply for a mortgage.

How to Get a Copy of Your Credit Report

Effective December 1, 2004, New Mexico residents are entitled to receive a free copy of their credit reports.  A recent amendment to the federal Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) requires each of the nationwide consumer reporting companies to provide you with a free copy of your credit report, at your request, once every 12 months.

You can order your free annual credit report by going online to www.annualcreditreport.com, by calling 877-322-8228, or by completing the Annual Credit Report Request Form and mailing it to:  Annual Credit Report Request Service, P.O. Box 105281, Atlanta, GA 30348-5281.

You can order additional copies of your credit report by mail, phone, or directly from the websites of the three major national credit bureaus:

Equifax  800-685-1111 or http://www.equifax.com,
Experian 888-397-3742 or http://www.experian.com, or
TransUnion 800-888-4213 or http://www.transunion.com.

You'll have to pay a fee of between $2 and $13 for additional copies of your credit report, except under the following circumstances, when it's free:

? You have been denied credit because of information in your credit file. You must request your copy within 60 days of being denied credit.
? You are unemployed and planning to apply for a job within 60 days following your request for your credit report.
? You receive public assistance.
? You believe your credit file contains errors due to someone's fraud, such as opening up accounts by using your name or Social Security Number.

If you find any errors in your credit report, take steps to correct the errors.  If the information in your file is accurate, but unfavorable, your best strategy is to clean up your credit before seriously trying to purchase a house.  Any problems may delay, or even jeopardize, your loan.  For information on dealing with credit problems, call Law Access New Mexico at 800-340-9771 statewide or 998-4LAW(4529) in Albuquerque and request a Credit Repair Packet. 


Disclaimer:  Law Access New Mexico (LANM) does not warrant the accuracy or usability of any publication or form.  The materials provide general information.  This information is not intended as a substitute for specific legal advice.  Law Access New Mexico grants permission for copying and distribution by the Access to Justice Network and to organizations for non-commercial purposes only.  Copyright Law Access New Mexico.

 


 
REVISE SU HISTORIAL DE CRÉDITO

Para decidir si financiar a alguien o no, un prestamista revisará la solicitud de préstamo y le pedirá a una empresa especializada - por ejemplo  Equifax, Experian, o TransUnion ? que analice la solvencia de la persona, para medir el nivel de riesgo que ésta representa como acreedor.  Esta medición también se denomina como nota FICO, derivado de Fair, Isaac & Company, quienes desarrollaron muchos modelos computarizados de evaluación.  Este número representa el resumen estadístico de la información que aparece en el historial de crédito de una persona, incluyendo:

? La  puntualidad con que paga sus deudas.
? La cantidad de deudas que tiene pendiente.
? Desde cuándo ha calificado para pedir crédito.
? Cuántas tarjetas de crédito y préstamos tiene.
? Cuál es el máximo crédito que puede conseguir.
? La cantidad de averiguaciones que existan sobre su historial de crédito ?ya que demasiadas averiguaciones? pueden bajar su "nota" (Aunque hoy en día esto no es tan problemático ya que el sistema ha sido perfeccionado)
? El tipo de crédito que usted tiene o usa.

Mientras más alta sea su "nota" de crédito, más fácil le será conseguir un préstamo.  Si normalmente usted se atrasa en pagar sus cuentas su "nota" será más baja, y un prestamista podrá rechazar su solicitud o pedirle un pie o un interés más alto, para así reducir el riesgo que él corre. 
Ya que su historial de crédito puede tener tanto efecto en el tipo o la cantidad de préstamo inmobiliario que consiga, revise su historial antes de pedir un préstamo y arregle cualquier problema que tenga en su crédito, si es necesario.
 
Cómo conseguir una copia de su Historial de Crédito

A partir del 1º de Diciembre del 2004 los residentes de Nuevo México tienen el derecho de recibir una copia gratis de su reporte de crédito.  Una enmienda reciente a la ley Fair Credit Reporting Act (Justo Reporte de Crédito, o FCRA) dice que cada una de las mayores agencias nacionales que analizan crédito, le deben proporcionar, al usted pedirlo, una copia gratis de su reporte de crédito una vez cada 12 meses. 

Puede solicitar una copia gratis de su reporte de crédito en la página Web www.annualcreditreport.com, llamando al 877-322-8228, o completando la forma de Solicitud Anual de Reporte de Crédito y enviándola a la dirección: Annual Credit Report Request Service, P.O. Box 105281, Atlanta, GA 30348-5281

Puede pedir copias adicionales de su reporte por correo, por teléfono o directamente en la página Web de las tres mayores agencias que analizan créditos:

Equifax  800-685-1111 o http://www.equifax.com
Experian 888 397 3742 o http://www.experian.com, or
TransUnion 800-888-4213 o http://www.transunion.com.

Normalmente tendrá que pagar un importe de entre $2 a $13 por copias adicionales de su historial  Sin embargo, bajo las siguientes circunstancias, estas le saldrán gratis:

? Si su solicitud ha sido rechazada debido a la información que contiene, tendrá derecho a pedir una copia gratis de su historial 60 días después de habérsele negado el crédito. 
? Podrá pedir una copia gratis si usted está desempleado y planea solicitar un empleo dentro de los 60 días inmediatamente después de haber pedido su copia.
? Cuando usted recibe asistencia pública.
? Si constata que su historial tiene errores por haber sido víctima de un fraude, como por ejemplo si cuentas bancarias o de crédito han sido abiertas en su nombre, o bajo su número de seguridad social.

Si usted se da cuenta que su historial contiene errores, preocúpese de corregirlo.  Si la información estando correcta no le favorece, le conviene arreglar su crédito antes de tratar de comprar una casa.  Cualquier problema podrá atrasar o hasta complicar el procesamiento de su solicitud para un préstamo.  Para más información sobre como arreglar problemas que existan con su crédito, llame a  Law Access New Mexico al 800-340-9771 o 998-4LAW(4529) en Albuquerque, y pida un paquete de información sobre Cómo Reparar el Crédito (Credit Repair packet).


Disclaimer:  LANM no garantiza la exactitud o la utilidad de cualquier publicación o formulario.  Si se trata de un problema o una circunstancia legal especifica debe buscarse asesoría legal individualizada.  Los materiales ofrecen información general sobre sus derechos y responsabilidades.  Esta información no fue diseñada para sustituir una asesoría legal específica.  Law Access New México otorga permiso para la reproducción y distribución sin fines comerciales a organizaciones y a la Red de Acceso a la Justicia.

Last Reviewed On: 03/24/05
 
 
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